. . .left, proved (after subtracting the amount due for conduction) the impediment to radiation by the second layer to be, viz: linen, 32; silk, 32; flannel, 29.

Thus showing that the stationary air, rather than the material out of which the second layer was made, was the main factor in preventing radiation.

He then experimented with single and double layers of the same material surrounding these cylinders, obtaining the following instructive results; the numbers[Pg 20] representing the proportionate loss of heat through double to single layers, the losses through the single ones being taken at 100:

Double Stuff, ("Doppel Stoff") Fleece-lined cotton69-76Buck-skin74-86Flannel86Home-spun linen91Stout, extra heavy silk94

From these results the conclusion is obvious that the substance and its weight are of less consequence, where radiation is in question, than its texture and volume. Believing that the explanation was due to the "residual air. . . Read More