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The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives

Smith Hempstone Oliver

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Book Excerpt: 
. . .o the grate through a door in the hood, and water was put into the boiler through a pipe in the bottom header. Steam was taken from a 1-inch pipe in the top header. The boiler when new is reported to have sustained with safety a steam pressure of 550 pounds per square inch. The design of the boiler was patented by Stevens on April 11, 1803.

The safety valve (figure 2) is of simple design. It consists of a lever 10 inches long from which a 4-pound lead ball about 2½ inches in diameter is suspended. Beneath the lever, and about 1 inch in from the fulcrum, is a disk valve controlled by the weight of the ball, which hangs by a stirrup that can be moved to any of several notches, so that it can be set for different pressures at which the valve will open.

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Figure 2.—Original safety valve of Stevens’ locomotive, now in National Museum.

A small, nonoperable model of the locomotive, about 2 feet long (figure 3), was ma. . . Read More